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Evaluation of the Effect of Radius of Curvature on the Rounded Edge Diffraction Loss Computed by Hacking Method for a Plateau

Received: 8 January 2017     Accepted: 18 January 2017     Published: 12 June 2017
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Abstract

In this paper, the effect of the radius of curvature on the diffraction loss of rounded edge obstruction is presented. The study is conducted for C-band microwave link with a plateau in its path. The plateau has flat to that spans about 1922 m. Two different approaches are used to determine the radius of curvature of the rounded edged fitted to the plateau top. Among the two methods employed, the ITU-R 526-13 method overestimated the radius (about 12,374,693.37 m) as against 59,031.42 m estimated by the second method at the same C-band frequency of 4 GHz. Also, high radius of curvature by the ITU-R 526-13 method gave very high diffraction loss value for the plateau. Furthermore, with the ITU-R 526-13 method, the radius of curvature does increase with increase in frequency. In all, the results indicate that the ITU-R 526-13 method is not particularly suitable for estimating the radius of curvature for the rounded edge when applied to a plateau. In addition, a more accurate method is required to estimate the radius of curvature for computing rounded edge diffraction loss.

Published in American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajsea.20170602.17
Page(s) 49-55
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Rounded Edge Diffraction, Diffraction Loss, Elevation Profile, Diffraction Parameter, Knife Edge Diffraction, Hacking Rounded Edge Diffraction Method

References
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[3] B. McLarnon, VHF/UHF/Microwave Radio Propagation: A Primer for Digital Experimenters, www.tapr.org.
[4] W. C. Y. Lee, Mobile Communication Engineering, Theory and Applications, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1998, pp. 147–149.
[5] N. Blaunstein, Radio Propagation in Cellular Networks, Artech House, Norwood, MA, 2000, pp. 135–137.
[6] Willis, S. L. (2007). Investigation into long-range wireless sensor networks (Doctoral dissertation, James Cook University).
[7] Lazaridis, P. I., Kasampalis, S., Zaharis, Z. D., Cosmas, J. P., Paunovska, L., & Glover, I. (2015, May). Longley-Rice model precision in case of multiple diffracting obstacles. In URSI Atlantic Conference, Canary Islands.
[8] Östlin, E. (2009). On Radio Wave Propagation Measurements and Modelling for Cellular Mobile Radio Networks.
[9] Kumar, K. A. M. (2011). Significance of Empirical and Physical Propagation Models to Calculate the Excess Path Loss. Journal of Engineering Research and Studies, India.
[10] Malila, B., Falowo, O., & Ventura, N. (2016, April). Performance analysis of NLOS small cell backhaul using 17GHz point-to-point prototype radio. In Electrotechnical Conference (MELECON), 2016 18th Mediterranean (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
[11] Jicha, O., Pechac, P., Kvicera, V., & Grabner, M. (2013). Estimation of the radio refractivity gradient from diffraction loss measurements. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 51 (1), 12-18.
[12] Silva, F. S., Matos, L. J., Peres, F. A. C., & Siqueira, G. L. (2013, August). Coverage prediction models fitted to the signal measurements of digital TV in Brazilian cities. In Microwave & Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC), 2013 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
[13] Hacking, K. U. H. F. (1968). Propagation over rounded hills. BBC Research Department. Research Report No. RA-21, 30.
[14] International Telecommunication Union, “Recommendation ITU-R P. 526-13: “Propagation by diffraction”, Geneva, 2013.
[15] Seybold, J. S. (2005). Introduction to RF propagation. John Wiley & Sons.
[16] Barué, G. (2008). Microwave engineering: land & space radiocommunications (Vol. 9). John Wiley & Sons.
[17] Jude, O. O., Jimoh, A. J., & Eunice, A. B. (2016). Software for Fresnel-Kirchoff Single Knife-Edge Diffraction Loss Model. Mathematical and Software Engineering, 2 (2), 76-84.
[18] Rodriguez, I., Nguyen, H. C., Sørensen, T. B., Zhao, Z., Guan, H., & Mogensen, P. (2016, October). A novel geometrical height gain model for line-of-sight urban micro cells below 6 GHz. In Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS), 2016 International Symposium on (pp. 393-398). IEEE.
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  • APA Style

    Swinton C. Nwokonko, Ikechukwu H. Ezeh, Vital K. Onwuzuruike. (2017). Evaluation of the Effect of Radius of Curvature on the Rounded Edge Diffraction Loss Computed by Hacking Method for a Plateau. American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications, 6(2), 49-55. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajsea.20170602.17

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    ACS Style

    Swinton C. Nwokonko; Ikechukwu H. Ezeh; Vital K. Onwuzuruike. Evaluation of the Effect of Radius of Curvature on the Rounded Edge Diffraction Loss Computed by Hacking Method for a Plateau. Am. J. Softw. Eng. Appl. 2017, 6(2), 49-55. doi: 10.11648/j.ajsea.20170602.17

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    AMA Style

    Swinton C. Nwokonko, Ikechukwu H. Ezeh, Vital K. Onwuzuruike. Evaluation of the Effect of Radius of Curvature on the Rounded Edge Diffraction Loss Computed by Hacking Method for a Plateau. Am J Softw Eng Appl. 2017;6(2):49-55. doi: 10.11648/j.ajsea.20170602.17

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajsea.20170602.17,
      author = {Swinton C. Nwokonko and Ikechukwu H. Ezeh and Vital K. Onwuzuruike},
      title = {Evaluation of the Effect of Radius of Curvature on the Rounded Edge Diffraction Loss Computed by Hacking Method for a Plateau},
      journal = {American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications},
      volume = {6},
      number = {2},
      pages = {49-55},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajsea.20170602.17},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajsea.20170602.17},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajsea.20170602.17},
      abstract = {In this paper, the effect of the radius of curvature on the diffraction loss of rounded edge obstruction is presented. The study is conducted for C-band microwave link with a plateau in its path. The plateau has flat to that spans about 1922 m. Two different approaches are used to determine the radius of curvature of the rounded edged fitted to the plateau top. Among the two methods employed, the ITU-R 526-13 method overestimated the radius (about 12,374,693.37 m) as against 59,031.42 m estimated by the second method at the same C-band frequency of 4 GHz. Also, high radius of curvature by the ITU-R 526-13 method gave very high diffraction loss value for the plateau. Furthermore, with the ITU-R 526-13 method, the radius of curvature does increase with increase in frequency. In all, the results indicate that the ITU-R 526-13 method is not particularly suitable for estimating the radius of curvature for the rounded edge when applied to a plateau. In addition, a more accurate method is required to estimate the radius of curvature for computing rounded edge diffraction loss.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Evaluation of the Effect of Radius of Curvature on the Rounded Edge Diffraction Loss Computed by Hacking Method for a Plateau
    AU  - Swinton C. Nwokonko
    AU  - Ikechukwu H. Ezeh
    AU  - Vital K. Onwuzuruike
    Y1  - 2017/06/12
    PY  - 2017
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajsea.20170602.17
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajsea.20170602.17
    T2  - American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications
    JF  - American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications
    JO  - American Journal of Software Engineering and Applications
    SP  - 49
    EP  - 55
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2327-249X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajsea.20170602.17
    AB  - In this paper, the effect of the radius of curvature on the diffraction loss of rounded edge obstruction is presented. The study is conducted for C-band microwave link with a plateau in its path. The plateau has flat to that spans about 1922 m. Two different approaches are used to determine the radius of curvature of the rounded edged fitted to the plateau top. Among the two methods employed, the ITU-R 526-13 method overestimated the radius (about 12,374,693.37 m) as against 59,031.42 m estimated by the second method at the same C-band frequency of 4 GHz. Also, high radius of curvature by the ITU-R 526-13 method gave very high diffraction loss value for the plateau. Furthermore, with the ITU-R 526-13 method, the radius of curvature does increase with increase in frequency. In all, the results indicate that the ITU-R 526-13 method is not particularly suitable for estimating the radius of curvature for the rounded edge when applied to a plateau. In addition, a more accurate method is required to estimate the radius of curvature for computing rounded edge diffraction loss.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Electrical Engineering, Imo State University (IMSU), Owerri, Nigeria

  • Department of Electrical Engineering, Imo State University (IMSU), Owerri, Nigeria

  • Department of Electrical Engineering, Imo State University (IMSU), Owerri, Nigeria

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